PHP教程：缓存技术应用

读库的例子：

<?php
$sql = ''SELECT * FROM users'';
$key = md5($sql);   //memcached 对象标识符
if ( !($datas = $mc->get($key)) ) {
    //  在 memcached 中未获取到缓存数据，则使用数据库查询获取记录集。
    echo "n".str_pad(''Read datas from MySQL.'', 60, ''_'')."n";
    $conn = mysql_connect(''localhost'', ''test'', ''test'');
    mysql_select_db(''test'');
    $result = mysql_query($sql);
    while ($row = mysql_fetch_object($result))
        $datas[] = $row;
    //  将数据库中获取到的结果集数据保存到 memcached 中，以供下次访问时使用。
    $mc->add($key, $datas);
} else {
    echo "n".str_pad(''Read datas from memcached.'', 60, ''_'')."n";
}
var_dump($datas);
?>

php的缓冲器：

有eaccelerator， apc， phpa，xcache，这个这个就不说了吧，搜索一堆一堆的，自己看啦，知道有这玩意就OK

MYSQL缓存：

这也算非代码级的，经典的数据库就是用的这种方式，看下面的运行时间，0.09xxx之类的
我贴段根据蓝色那家伙修改后部分my.ini吧，2G的MYISAM表可以在0.05S左右，据说他前后改了有快一年

代码拷贝框
[client] …… default-character-set=gbk default-storage-engine=MYISAM max_connections=600 max_connect_errors=500 back_log=200 interactive_timeout=7200 query_cache_size=64M …… table_cache=512 …… myisam_max_sort_file_size=100G myisam_max_extra_sort_file_size=100G myisam_sort_buffer_size=128M key_buffer_size=1024M read_buffer_size=512M …… thread_concurrency=8
[Ctrl+A 全部选择 然后拷贝]

基于反向代理的Web缓存:

如Nginx，SQUID，mod_proxy(apache2以上又分为mod_proxy和mod_cache)
NGINX的例子

代码拷贝框
<nginx.conf> #user nobody; worker_processes 4; error_log logs/error.log crit; pid logs/nginx.pid; worker_rlimit_nofile 10240; events { use epoll; worker_connections 51200; } http { include mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; sendfile on; keepalive_timeout 65; tcp_nodelay on; # server pool upstream bspfrontsvr { server 10.10.10.224:80 weight=1; server 10.10.10.221:80 weight=1; } upstream bspimgsvr { server 10.10.10.201:80 weight=1; } upstream bspstylesvr { server 10.10.10.202:80 weight=1; } upstream bsphelpsvr { server 10.10.10.204:80 weight=1; } upstream bspwsisvr { server 10.10.10.203:80 weight=1; } upstream bspadminsvr { server 10.10.10.222:80 weight=1; } upstream bspbuyersvr { server 10.10.10.223:80 weight=1; } upstream bspsellersvr { server 10.10.10.225:80 weight=1; } upstream bsploginsvr { server 10.10.10.220:443 weight=1; } upstream bspregistersvr { server 10.10.10.220:80 weight=1; } log_format test_com ''$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '' ''$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" "$http_user_agent" ''; #-------------------------------------------------------------------- #img.test.com server { listen 10.10.10.230:80; server_name img.test.com; location / { proxy_pass http://bspimgsvr; include proxy_setting.conf; } access_log logs/img.log test_com; } #style.test.com server { listen 10.10.10.230:80; server_name style.test.com; location / { proxy_pass http://bspstylesvr; include proxy_setting.conf; } access_log logs/style.log test_com; } #help.test.com server { listen 10.10.10.230:80; server_name help.test.com; location / { proxy_pass http://bsphelpsvr; include proxy_setting.conf; } access_log logs/help.log test_com; } #admin.test.com server { listen 10.10.10.230:80; server_name admin.test.com; location / { proxy_pass http://bspadminsvr; include proxy_setting.conf; } access_log logs/admin.log test_com; } #buyer.test.com server { listen 10.10.10.230:80; server_name buyer.test.com; location / { proxy_pass http://bspbuyersvr; include proxy_setting.conf; } access_log logs/buyer.log test_com; } #seller.test.com server { listen 10.10.10.230:80; server_name seller.test.com; location / { proxy_pass http://bspsellersvr; include proxy_setting.conf; } access_log logs/seller.log test_com; } #wsi.test.com server { listen 10.10.10.230:80; server_name wsi.test.com; location / { proxy_pass http://bspwsisvr; include proxy_setting.conf; } access_log logs/wsi.log test_com; } #www.test.com server { listen 10.10.10.230:80; server_name www.test.com *.test.com; location ~ ^/NginxStatus/ { stub_status on; access_log off; } location / { proxy_pass http://bspfrontsvr; include proxy_setting.conf; } access_log logs/www.log test_com; error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { root html; } } #login.test.com server { listen 10.10.10.230:443; server_name login.test.com; ssl on; ssl_certificate cert.pem; ssl_certificate_key cert.key; ssl_session_timeout 5m; ssl_protocols SSLv2 SSLv3 TLSv1; ssl_ciphers ALL:!ADH:!EXPORT56:RC4+RSA:+HIGH:+MEDIUM:+LOW:+SSLv2:+EXP; ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on; location / { proxy_pass https://bsploginsvr; include proxy_setting.conf; } access_log logs/login.log test_com; } #login.test.com for register server { listen 10.10.10.230:80; server_name login.test.com; location / { proxy_pass http://bspregistersvr; include proxy_setting.conf; } access_log logs/register.log test_com; } } <conf/proxy_setting.conf> proxy_redirect off; proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; client_max_body_size 10m; client_body_buffer_size 128k; proxy_connect_timeout 90; proxy_send_timeout 90; proxy_read_timeout 90; proxy_buffer_size 4k; proxy_buffers 4 32k; proxy_busy_buffers_size 64k; proxy_temp_file_write_size 64k;
[Ctrl+A 全部选择 然后拷贝]

mod_proxy的例子：

<VirtualHost *>
ServerName www.zxsv.com
ServerAdmin admin@zxsv.com
# reverse proxy setting
ProxyPass / http://www.zxsv.com:8080/
ProxyPassReverse / http://www.zxsv.com:8080/
# cache dir root
CacheRoot "/var/www/proxy"
# max cache storage
CacheSize 50000000
# hour: every 4 hour
CacheGcInterval 4
# max page expire time: hour
CacheMaxExpire 240
# Expire time = (now - last_modified) * CacheLastModifiedFactor
CacheLastModifiedFactor 0.1
# defalt expire tag: hour
CacheDefaultExpire 1
# force complete after precent of content retrived: 60-90%
CacheForceCompletion 80
CustomLog /usr/local/apache/logs/dev_access_log combined
</VirtualHost>

而SQUID的例子我就不说明了，这方面网上有写的太多，大家自己搜索一下

DNS轮询：

BIND是一款开放源码的DNS服务器软件，这个要说起来就大了，自己搜索去，大家知道有这个东西就行了。
我知道的有chinacache等大站就是这样做的，说简单点就是多服务器啦，把同一个页面或文件缓存到不同的服务器上，按南北自动解析到相关的服务器中。

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