以前在debian下安装软件都是使用软件源安装的,虽然步骤较少,但仍不能理解linux下安装软件的具体细节,于是决定手动编译安装各种软件,以解心中困惑
 国内租用虚拟主机或VPS 价格都较高,而虚拟主机虽价格适中,但不利于学习各种系统,综上考虑还是从网上购买国外VPS,已使用burstvps八个月时间,感觉还是挺稳定的,是代购,须提前10天续费,八月份时回老家一次,错过了10天之期,没办法只好从网上再次查找价格适中的vps,YardVPS支持支付宝付款,从乐山电信或成都电信ADSL测试来看,网络延迟在220ms左右,比burstvps好不少(大约在290ms-350ms波动),使用过几天发现家里使用的ADSL还是比较稳定,网络延迟一直在220ms以内,而公司所用ADSL 访问延迟却是420ms以上, 不定时丢包,受不了了,只好再换,找到了ecvps,试用了几天,发现网络延时几乎都在229ms左右（无论是家用ADSL,还是公司ADSL,或是乐山电信）,unixbench 测试效果还是比较满意. 在使用yardvps时没有写下编译安装nginx php5.3.8 mysql5.5.15,现在决定写下此过程,以供今后参考.
ecvps提供的VPS系统中没有debian 6.0 ,只能选择使用5.0或4.0的版本,没法只好安装5.0的debian,以下为安装步骤
一. 检查系统环境
1. netstat -ntlp 查看系统中运行哪些网络服务,不需要用的都可以关掉,比如exim4(邮件服务程序), aptitude purge exim4-base exim4-config exim4-daemon-light .
2. 安装编译环境,debian 5系统发行版默认没有安装gcc等工具.需安装一下
aptitude install build-essential
二. 编译安装相关组件
1.安装zlib,openssl等组件
wget http://bbs.oslet.net/software/webserver/zlib125.zip
unzip -x zlib125.zip
cd zlib-1.2.5
./configure --prefix=/usr
make && make install
wget http://bbs.oslet.net/software/webserver/openssl-0.9.8r.tar.gz
tar zxvf openssl-0.9.8r.tar.gz
cd openssl-0.9.8r
make && make install
2.安装 nginx
wget http://bbs.oslet.net/software/webserver/nginx-1.0.5.tar.gz
wget http://bbs.oslet.net/software/webserver/pcre-8.13.tar.gz
tar zxvf pcre-8.13.tar.gz
tar zxvf nginx-1.0.5.tar.gz
cd nginx-1.0.5
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --sbin-path=/usr/sbin --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_sub_module --with-http_flv_module --with-http_stub_status_module --with-zlib=../zlib-1.2.5 --with-openssl=../openssl-0.9.8r --with-pcre=../pcre-8.13make && make install
配置开机启动
wget http://bbs.oslet.net/software/webserver/nginx.txt
cp nginx.txt /etc/init.d/nginx
chmod x /etc/init.d/nginx
chkconfig nginx on
3.安装 mysql ,安装mysql-5.5.15需安装cmake ,
wget http://bbs.oslet.net/software/webserver/cmake-2.8.5.tar.gz
wget http://bbs.oslet.net/software/webserver/mysql-5.5.15.tar.gz
tar zxvf cmake-2.8.5.tar.gz
cd cmake-2.8.5
./bootstrap
make
make install
在安装 一步时可能会出错,解决办法是指定安装位置make install DESTDIR=/usr/local.
建立mysql安装目录及数据目录
mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql
mkdir -p /data/mysql
建立mysql用户及组
groupadd mysql
useradd -d /usr/local/mysql -g mysql -s /usr/sbin/nologin mysql
设定目录mysql目录属主及权限
chown mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql
chown -R mysql.mysql /data/mysql
chmod 755 /usr/local/mysql
chmod -R 755 /data/mysql
用cmake编译安装mysql
cd mysql-5.5.15
cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mysql/ \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_FEDERATED_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/tmp/mysqld.sock \
-DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 \
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \
-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
-DMYSQL_USER=mysql
编译过程中可能会出错,需安装libncurses5-dev及bison
aptitude install libncurses5-dev bison
然后删除CMakeCache.txt
rm CMakeCache.txt
继续编译通过
make
make install
复制配置文件my.cnf
cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf
chown mysql.mysql /etc/my.cnf
chmod 755 /etc/my.cnf
配置开机启动
cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
chmod x /etc/init.d/mysqld
chkconfig mysqld on
启动mysql并设置密码
/etc/init.d/mysqld start
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root password ''新密码''
OK,mysql配置完成.
4.安装php
编译gd库,这个在搭建discuz论坛时需用到
(1)安装libpng
wget http://bbs.oslet.net/software/webserver/libpng-1.5.4.tar.gz
tar zxvf libpng-1.5.4.tar.gz
cd libpng-1.5.4
./configure
make
make install
备注: libpng默认安装位置/usr/local,若指定安装在/usr/local/png,则编译gd时会提示找不到png.h等文件.
(2)安装freetype
wget http://bbs.oslet.net/software/webserver/freetype-2.4.6.tar.gz
tar zxvf freetype-2.4.6.tar.gz
cd freetype-2.4.6
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/freetype
make
make install
(3)安装jpeg
wget http://bbs.oslet.net/software/webserver/jpegsrc.v8c.tar.gz
tar zxvf jpegsrc.v8c-tar.gz
cd jpeg-8c
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/jpeg
make
make install
(4) 安装libxml2
wget http://bbs.oslet.net/software/we ... ources-2.7.8.tar.gz
tar zxvf libxml2-2.7.8.tar.gz
cd libxml2-2.7.8
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libxml2
make
make install
(5)安装GD
wget http://bbs.oslet.net/software/we ... gd-GD_2_0_33.tar.gz
tar zxvf pierrejoye-gd-libgd-GD_2_0_33.tar.gz
cd pierrejoye-gd-libgd-GD_2_0_33
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/gd --with-png=/usr/local --with-freetype=/usr/local/freetype --with-jpeg=/usr/local/jpeg
make
make install
(6)编译PHP
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc --enable-fpm --with-fpm-user=www-data --with-fpm-group=www-data --with-libxml-dir=/usr/local/libxml --with-openssl=/usr/local --with-zlib=/usr --with-gd=/usr/local/gd --with-jpeg-dir=/usr/local/jpeg --with-png-dir=/usr/local --with-freetype-dir=/usr/local/freetype --enable-gd-native-ttf --enable-gd-jis-conv --with-mhash=/usr/local --enable-mbstring --with-mcrypt=/usr/local --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-mysql-sock=/tmp/mysqld.sock --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config --enable-sockets --enable-sysvmsg --enable-sysvsem --enable-sysvshm --without-pearwget http://bbs.oslet.net/software/webserver/memcached.txt
cp memcached.txt /etc/init.d/memcached
chmod x /etc/init.d/memcached
chkconfig memcached on 本 |
