发送给组的自寻址包(同样客户程序也可以给这个组发送自寻址包),一旦客户程序读完所有要读的自寻址数据包,那么可以通过离开组操作离开多点传送组。
注意:IP地址224.0.0.1 到 239.255.255.255(包括)均为保留的多点传送组地址。
网络API通过MulticastSocket类和MulticastSocket,以及一些辅助类(比如NetworkInterface)支持多点传送,当一个客户程序要加入多点传送组时,就创建一个MulticastSocket对象。MulticastSocket(int port)构造函数允许应用程序指定端口(通过port参数)接收自寻址包,端口必须与服务程序的端口号相匹配,要加入多点传送组,客户程序调用两个joinGroup()方法中的一个,同样要离开传送组,也要调用两个leaveGroup()方法中的一个。
由于MulticastSocket扩展了DatagramSocket类,一个MulticastSocket对象就有权访问DatagramSocket方法。
List6是MCClient的源代码,这段代码示范了一个客户端加入多点传送组的例子。
Listing 6: MCClient.java
// MCClient.java
import java.io.*;
import java.net.*;
class MCClient
{
public static void main (String [] args) throws IOException
{
// Create a MulticastSocket bound to local port 10000. All
// multicast packets from the server program are received
// on that port.
MulticastSocket s = new MulticastSocket (10000);
// Obtain an InetAddress object that contains the multicast
// group address 231.0.0.1. The InetAddress object is used by
// DatagramPacket.
InetAddress group = InetAddress.getByName ("231.0.0.1");
// Join the multicast group so that datagram packets can be
// received.
s.joinGroup (group);
// Read several datagram packets from the server program.
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
{
// No line will exceed 256 bytes.
byte [] buffer = new byte [256];
// The DatagramPacket object needs no addressing
// information because the socket contains the address.
DatagramPacket dgp = new DatagramPacket (buffer,
buffer.length);
// Receive a datagram packet.
s.receive (dgp);
// Create a second byte array with a length that matches
// the length of the sent data.
byte [] buffer2 = new byte [dgp.getLength ()];
// Copy the sent data to the second byte array.
System.arraycopy (dgp.getData (),
0,
buffer2,
0,
dgp.getLength ());
// Print the contents of the second byte array. (Try
// printing the contents of buffer. You will soon see why
// buffer2 is used.)
System.out.println (new String (buffer2));
}
// Leave the multicast group.
s.leaveGroup (group);
// Close the socket.
s.close ();
}
}
Java套接字编程(下)(5)
时间:2010-12-19
MCClient创建了一个绑定端口号10000的MulticastSocket对象,接下来他获得了一个InetAddress子类对象,该子类对象包含多点传送组的IP地址231.0.0.0,然后通过joinGroup(InetAddress addr)方法加入多点传送组中,接下来MCClient接收10个自寻址包,同时输出他们的内容,然后使用leaveGroup(InetAddress addr)方法离开传送组,最后关闭套接字。
也许你对使用两 |